WORLD BODYBUILDING ENCYCLOPEDIA
WORLD’S OLDEST TRADITIONAL BODYBUILDING CONTESTS
Looking through the years and evaluating the status, significance, and historical value of competitions, three of the world’s oldest traditional bodybuilding contests that are still held today can be distinguished:
Nr. 1 – N.A.B.B.A. Universe
• Organizer: National Amateur Body-Builders' Association (N.A.B.B.A.)
• Location: United Kingdom
• Established: 1950
• First Overall Winner: Steve Reeves (USA)
Nr. 2 – Mr. Olympia
• Founder: Joe Weider
• Location: United States
• Established: 1965
• First Overall Winner: Larry Scott (USA)
Nr. 3 – Amber Prix International
• Organizer: World Fitness Federation / World Bodybuilding Federation
• Location: Lithuania
• Established: 1967
• First Overall Winner: Klemensas Alsauskas (Lithuania)
Remark
These competitions are considered the oldest traditional bodybuilding contests due to their historical continuity, international recognition, and significant contribution to the development of bodybuilding worldwide.
More information is on International Site www.wff.lt
“Amber Prix” – 60 Years: A Legend Rooted in the History of Klaipėda and World Sport
In May 2027, Klaipeda will become the center of a unique sporting and cultural event – the anniversary of one of the oldest traditional bodybuilding and fitness competitions in the world. The “Amber Prix” marks its 60th anniversary. This is not only a milestone, but a living history that over six decades has shaped generations of athletes, gathered thousands of participants, and left a distinct mark on the international sports community.
The anniversary event will span three days and promises to become an exceptional celebration bringing together sport, culture, history, and living legends. Distinguished representatives of the worlds of sport, public life, and culture from various countries are expected to be invited to Klaipeda.
Among the honorary guests are world-renowned personalities Arnold Schwarzenegger, Ralf Moeller, and Alexander Nevsky, the WFF–WBBF Federation representative in the United States. The names of these athletes have long been etched into the history of international bodybuilding.
All three have earned the prestigious “Mr. Universe” title and have gone on to build successful careers in the film industry as actors, directors, and producers. Their participation in the anniversary event would add exceptional international prestige to the celebration and make it a significant occasion for both the Lithuanian sporting community and visitors to the city.
The journey of the “Amber Prix” began at a time when bodybuilding was still forming its international identity, and the dissemination of information required exceptional dedication and belief in a vision. A special role in this movement’s history was played by Edmundas Daubaras, who in 1989 published the magazine “Arnoldas Švarcenegeris rekomenduoja” in an impressive print run of 2 million copies. This publication became not only training and educational material for athletes, but also a symbolic bridge connecting sportspeople across different countries and inspiring a new generation to pursue the highest goals.
Over the decades, the “Amber Prix” has grown into an international phenomenon where sport intertwines with culture, diplomacy, and personal stories. Representatives of public and political life from various countries have been involved in the activities of the WFF-WBBF federation. Among them was the former President of the Austrian Parliament, Professor Alfred Gerstl, who not only supported event initiatives but also attended competitions as an honorary guest, contributing to their international recognition.
Special symbolic significance in the history of the “Amber Prix” is also held by its earlier anniversaries. During the 40th jubilee, Klaipeda hosted an exhibition of original photographs of Arnold Schwarzenegger, presented through Professor A. Gerstl, as well as a documentary film about his life journey. These materials became a highlight of the event, attracting significant public attention.
During the 50th anniversary, the event reached an even broader international audience – through the mediation of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Lithuania, a report from Klaipeda was broadcast to a global audience by CNN television. This became an important recognition not only of the event itself, but also of Lithuania’s contribution to the global bodybuilding movement.
Today, the “Amber Prix” looks to the future with even greater ambition and respect for its history. A newly released comprehensive book by Arnold Schwarzenegger “Arnold” serves as a reminder of the profound influence this figure has had on the entire sporting era, while the upcoming jubilee in Klaipeda becomes a living continuation of that legacy.
As the 60th anniversary approaches, another important project is being prepared at the initiative of the Klaipeda City Municipality administration and a group of enthusiasts – a large-scale historical book dedicated to the “Amber Prix” will be published. The text in Lithuanian is already completed, and translations into other languages are currently in progress, aiming to make the history of the event even more widely known around the world.
Today, the “Amber Prix” is more than a competition. It is a tradition that unites generations. A stage where legends are born. A name of Klaipeda resonating on the world map of sport. And a story that is far from over.
More information you can get on international site www.wff.lt
Indian Athletes Have Developed a Strong Affection for the “Amber Prix” Tournament
Athletes from a number of Asian countries actively participate in the activities of the International WFF-WBBF Federation. Among the most prominent are India, Pakistan, and Turkey, while Egypt has also become increasingly active in recent years.
We first met Indian bodybuilders in 2008 at the WFF-WBBF “World Grand Prix” held in Greece. Closely following the activities of the international federation, Indian organizers staged the first WFF-WBBF India National Championship in 2010 and invited the federation’s leaders to attend. Since then, our cooperation has continued to grow, and we have participated in various events in India on as many as nineteen occasions.
Over the years, Indian athletes have become regular participants in the prestigious “Amber Prix” tournament held in Klaipeda, Lithuania. Many of them have won titles in their respective categories, while two Indian representatives, Dharminder Singh and Navtej Singh, achieved an exceptional distinction by becoming Overall Champions of the tournament.
The success of Indian athletes once again highlights the growing strength of bodybuilding in India and the close ties that have been established with the international WFF-WBBF community.
More information is on international site www.wff.lt
1976–1977 “AMBER PRIX” TOURNAMENTS.
THE FIRST PUBLIC BODYBUILDING COMPETITIONS IN THE USSR AFTER THE BAN.
In 1976, Edmundas Daubaras organized the “Amber Prix” tournament together with the “Zemaitija Cup” in the city of Telsiai, Lithuania. The strength events were held in one of the city’s schools, while the physique presentation program took place at the Telsiai Culture Palace. These competitions became the first publicly held bodybuilding contest in the Soviet Union after bodybuilding had been officially banned.
At that time, bodybuilding in the USSR was prohibited and actively persecuted by Soviet authorities. Nevertheless, Edmundas Daubaras succeeded in convincing the administration of the Culture Palace that the event violated no regulations. The competition was openly advertised to local residents, and the hall was filled with spectators. Organizing such an event involved considerable personal risk, but the tournament proceeded successfully and without consequences from the authorities.
Athletes from Vilnius, Klaipeda, and Siauliai participated in the event.
Winners of the 1976 Tournament
Junior Group Winners
• Rimas Apulskis
• Stasys Stanius
• Rimas Cesaitis
Youth Group Winners
• Antanas Basermanas
• Aimontas Dolgichas
• Evaldas Sorius
Adult Group Winners
• Valentinas Vandys
• Risardas Krinickis
Overall Champions
• Rimas Apulskis
• Evaldas Sorius
• Rišardas Krinickis
For comparison, an international bodybuilding event held in Kaunas the same year took place secretly in a factory cultural hall outside the city and without spectators. Another international bodybuilding competition organized in Kalinin (now Tver, RSFSR) was officially prohibited by authorities, yet athletes still staged the contest in a tiny local sports club as an act of protest. Only a small circle of supporters attended.
In 1976, while training at the Vilnius “Viktorija” club, Edmundas Daubaras met lawyer Grigorij Leonov, who had just graduated from the Faculty of Law at Vilnius University and had been appointed as a people’s judge in Klaipėda.
After Grigorij Leonov moved to Klaipeda, Edmundas Daubaras persuaded him to assume leadership of the city’s bodybuilding movement. The reasoning was practical: a judge’s position opened doors among city officials and made it easier to establish legal opportunities for athletes. While Edmundas Daubaras continued to manage organizational matters, Grigorij Leonov worked on creating legitimate legal foundations for bodybuilding activities in Klaipeda.
In 1977, the “Klaipeda Bodybuilding Federation” was officially registered under the Klaipeda City Sports Committee. This was an unprecedented development in the entire Soviet Union. Although bodybuilding remained banned throughout the USSR, Klaipeda now had an officially functioning bodybuilding federation. It remained the only legally operating bodybuilding federation in the Soviet Union until 1987, when the USSR Bodybuilding Federation was established under the USSR Ministry of Sports.
By legal means, all unofficial bodybuilding clubs in Klaipeda were closed, leaving only three clubs operating under the federation:
• “Gintaras” — headed by Edmundas Daubaras
• “Satrija” — headed by Sigitas Vilutis
• “Alksnyne” — headed by Oleg Serov
The public competitions in Telsiai caused a sensation throughout the Soviet bodybuilding community. Many were astonished that such an event could take place openly. The leader of bodybuilding in the Estonian SSR, Innar Mardo (1945–2002), sent a letter of support to Edmundas Daubaras and promoted the “Amber Prix” tournament in Czechoslovak sports publications.
Encouraged by the success in Telsiai, Edmundas Daubaras, assisted by his father Vytautas Daubaras, organized the 1977 “Amber Prix” tournament at the Klaipeda Seaport Culture Palace. This event featured only physique presentation categories without strength exercises. Once again, the tournament was public, and local athletes personally spread information about the competition among supporters. The hall was filled with enthusiastic spectators.
Athletes from Vilnius, Kaunas, and Klaipeda participated in the 1977 tournament, which further strengthened Lithuania’s role as the center of unofficial Soviet bodybuilding during the years of prohibition.
1977 “Amber Prix” Tournament
In 1977, Edmundas Daubaras organized the public “Amber Prix” bodybuilding tournament at the Klaipeda Seaport Culture Palace. Athletes from Vilnius, Kaunas, and Klaipeda participated in the competition. The hall was full of spectators invited by the athletes and their supporters. These contests became one of the first public bodybuilding events in the Soviet Union after the sport had been officially banned.
Junior Division
First Height Category
1st place – Viaceslav Chleborodov (Vilnius)
2nd place – Edvardas Burba (Klaipėda)
3rd place – Rimas Apulskis (Klaipėda)
Second Height Category
1st place – Boris Dolgov (Vilnius)
2nd place – Benas Uckus (Kaunas)
3rd place – Nikolajus Kuznecovas (Vilnius)
Third Height Category
1st place – Stepan Nevera (Vilnius)
2nd place – Evaldas Sorius (Klaipėda)
3rd place – Edvardas Miseniovas (Kaunas)
Adult Division
First Height Category
1st place – Algimantas Kersulis (Vilnius)
2nd place – Vytautas Daubaras (Vilnius)
3rd place – Jonas Zurauskas (Kaunas)
Second Height Category
1st place – Kestutis Petrosius (Vilnius)
2nd place – Risardas Krinickis (Vilnius)
3rd place – Stasys Maksimovas (Kaunas)
Third Height Category
1st place – Stasys Cukanovas (Vilnius)
2nd place – Albertas Besakirskas (Kaunas)
3rd place – Vytautas Zenkevicius (Klaipėda)
Overall Winners
Junior Division – Borisas Dolgovas
Adult Division – Stasys Cukanovas
THE 1977 STRUGGLE AGAINST THE POLITICAL DECISIONS OF THE USSR AUTHORITIES.
1977: THE INTENSIFICATION OF BODYBUILDING PERSECUTION IN THE USSR
In 1977, Edmundas Daubaras once again travelled to the Czechoslovak SSR for two months under a university exchange program. The sports activity program was similar to that of previous years and included meetings with the President of the Czechoslovak Bodybuilding Federation, Vojtech Fiala, as well as with the federation’s vice-president, Professor Frantisek Bulva.
Seeking to demonstrate loyalty to their government, the Czechoslovak officials organized a meeting for Edmundas Daubaras, as a representative of Soviet bodybuilding, with the leadership of the Czechoslovak Ministry of Sports. At that time, the Czechoslovak Bodybuilding Federation already had its own office within the ministry, where the federation’s secretary, the well-known bodybuilder Peter Tlapak, was working.
Vojtech Fiala also arranged Edmundas Daubaras’ visit to the national Olympic training center located in a mountain resort area. At that time, members of the national bodybuilding team were preparing there for the World Championships. Meetings and discussions took place with athletes and coaches.
Later, Edmundas Daubaras visited the city of Brno, where Professor Frantisek Bulva organized two meetings of the Council of the Czechoslovak Bodybuilding Federation. Edmundas Daubaras attended these meetings as a guest and delivered a presentation on the situation of bodybuilding in the USSR.
1977: THE INTENSIFICATION OF BODYBUILDING PERSECUTION IN THE USSR
In 1977, the persecution of bodybuilding in the USSR intensified even further. The USSR Ministry of Sports issued directives calling for stricter measures against bodybuilding, and the sports ministries of the Soviet republics repeated and actively enforced these orders. At the same time, a coordinated campaign against bodybuilding began in the Soviet press. Particularly aggressive criticism came from journalist Dmitry Ivanov of the newspaper Sovietsky Sport. As pressure mounted, nearly all prominent bodybuilding organizers throughout the USSR fell silent.
Refusing to accept the situation and drawing inspiration from the examples he had witnessed in Czechoslovakia, Edmundas Daubaras began corresponding with the editorial office of Sovietsky Sport, the USSR Weightlifting Federation, and officials of the USSR Ministry of Sports. However, these efforts produced no positive results.
At the end of 1977, Edmundas Daubaras, together with the best bodybuilders of the city, took part in the “Georg Tenno Memorial” held in Tallinn, the capital of Estonia. It was one of the most prestigious bodybuilding competitions in the USSR at the time. The most successful performance came from Patras Stanius, who won third place in the junior category.
You can find more information on international site www.wff.lt
“History of “Amber Prix”.
“Mr. Absoliutus SSSR”
Sports organizers and administrators hold competitions in which athletes strive for victory and the highest achievements. It is through these competitions that victories and outstanding performances become known to the public through the media. Without sporting achievements, many athletes would remain unknown to the wider public.
Victories bring joy and pride not only to the athletes themselves, but also to their families, coaches, teammates, and the entire sporting community. Every victory is a recognition of years of hard work, perseverance, and dedication.
Although countless athletes compete in sporting events, only a select few leave a lasting mark on the history of sport through their exceptional achievements. These athletes become role models for younger generations and inspire others to pursue excellence and strive for the highest goals.
Today’s athletes usually know the strongmen of past decades only through stories and recollections. Yet there was a time when one man’s name resonated throughout the bodybuilding world of the Soviet Union. That man was Viktoras Jucys from Klaipeda. By the late 1980s, he had become the undisputed leader of Soviet bodybuilding. Vladimir Dubinin, President of the Russian IFBB Federation, once referred to him as “Mr. Absoliutus SSSR” – a title that perfectly reflected his dominance in competition during that era.
His journey to the top began in Klaipeda. The first time he saw the competitors of the famous “Amber Prix” tournament, he was astonished by their physiques and athleticism. Leaving the event, he made a promise to himself: “I will become like them.” That moment marked the beginning of a goal that would change his life.
He did not join a gym immediately. Instead, he began training alone in a garage near the seaside. The conditions were primitive. During winter he worked out wearing a heavy jacket and gloves to keep warm, and at times his evening training sessions were lit only by candlelight. Yet such hardships never discouraged him. Like many enthusiasts of that era, he learned discipline, perseverance, and the determination to pursue his dream regardless of circumstances.
After eventually joining a bodybuilding club, Viktoras was encouraged by his coach to compete. His first attempt, however, was unsuccessful. Disappointed, he turned his attention to karate. At that time, both bodybuilding and karate were viewed unfavorably by Soviet authorities and were, at various periods, effectively banned. Such restrictions only strengthened the commitment of those who practiced them. Having mastered the basics of martial arts, Jucys competed successfully until the authorities closed the city’s only karate club. He then returned to where his sporting journey had begun – the bodybuilding gym.
From that point on, training became the center of his life. The results soon followed. In 1984 and 1985, Jucys won the overall title in the youth division of the “Amber Prix” tournament. In 1985, he also captured first place at the “Komsomol Cup” competition in Kaunas. Soon afterward began the most remarkable period of his career.
From 1986 onward, Viktoras won every competition he entered. He claimed victory twice at the “White Nights” Tournament in Leningrad, won the “Amber Prix” three times, and became the overall champion of the first official USSR Bodybuilding Cup. He also accumulated nineteen victories in international competitions. During those years, he had no equal in the Soviet Union.
His physical attributes were equally impressive. Standing 174 centimeters tall, he weighed approximately 109 kilograms between competitions. Both his biceps and calves measured an extraordinary 50 centimeters in circumference. Jucys preferred training with extremely heavy weights, and although his workouts were relatively short, they were exceptionally intense. In the gym, certain pieces of equipment even acquired nicknames: “Viktoras’s barbell” and “Viktoras’s dumbbells.” These were weights so heavy that few other athletes dared to use them.
The story of Viktoras Jucys is the story of a man who rose from training in an unheated garage in Klaipeda to the pinnacle of Soviet bodybuilding. His achievements stand not only as a testament to extraordinary determination and talent, but also as an important chapter in the history of Lithuanian bodybuilding.
More information is on international site www.wff.lt
WFF-WBBF South America
WFF–WBBF President for South America – Jorge Cedale
In recent years, growing political and economic tensions around the world have also affected international sports activities. Nevertheless, the history of the WFF–WBBF Federation preserves the memory of individuals whose dedication made a significant contribution to the organization's development across different continents. One of them was the long-serving WFF–WBBF President for South America, the Argentine Jorge Cedale (1958–2024).
South American bodybuilders began actively participating in international WFF–WBBF events in 1996. Since 2005 under Jorge Cedale's leadership, athletes from Argentina, Brazil, Uruguay, and Paraguay competed in World Championships and other WFF–WBBF events held in Europe and Asia. Among them were Jamila Vanessa Toledo, Fernanda Yiouglar, Rosalia Dutra de Campos, Merina Broggia, Farreyra Maryangeles, Carolina Elizabeth Magnani, Antuanez Aurora Beatriz Faguendez, Alejandra Mariel Rubio, Liliana Escudeiro de Cangeri, Maria Sol Farinelli, Fernando Ariel Perdomo, Glayson Souto, Crecky Chavez, Dalvaniza Aquino, Cordeiro Ricardo Fernandes, Damascena Hugo Rafael de Almeida, Tourun Ignacio Daniel Torres, Alexandra Ximena Aguiar Fernandez, Antonio Osta, Maria Melgarejo Fernandez, and Claudia Mendoza Ramirez.
In 2011, the President of the World WFF–WBBF Federation, Dr. Edmundas Daubaras, visited Argentina to attend the annual South American WFF–WBBF Championship. During his years of service, Jorge Cedale organized eight South American Championships, which served as the principal qualifying events for the Federation's World Championships. The best athletes from these competitions went on to represent their countries successfully at international WFF–WBBF events in Europe and Asia.
In recognition of his outstanding contribution to the Federation, Jorge Cedale was awarded the WFF–WBBF “Honorary Silver Medal” in 2008. As a frequent participant in international WFF–WBBF events held in Lithuania, he was several times an honored guest at the Parliament of the Republic of Lithuania and took part in international press conferences organized by the ELTA National News Agency. He also played an important role in strengthening the Federation's international relations.
Conclusions
Jorge Cedale was one of the most distinguished leaders of the WFF–WBBF Federation in South America. Through his efforts, a strong system of continental championships was established, providing athletes from South America with the opportunity to qualify for World Championships and gain international recognition.
For more than two decades, Jorge Cedale made an invaluable contribution to the growth of the WFF–WBBF Federation and to the expansion of international cooperation between South America, Europe, and Asia. His organizational achievements remain an important part of the Federation's history, and he will be remembered as one of the most dedicated and influential WFF–WBBF officials in South America.
More information is on international site www.wff.lt
Mexican Athletes at the International “Amber Prix” Tournament
2006 WFF-WBBF “Mexico Grand Prix” – An Important Step in International Cooperation
From 2006 to 2010, the activities of the World WFF-WBBF Federation in the United States were coordinated by Mike Glass. Under his leadership, the Federation significantly expanded its presence throughout North and Latin America. One of the most important achievements of this period was the organization of the 2006 WFF-WBBF “Mexico Grand Prix” in Mexico City.
The event attracted considerable attention from the international bodybuilding and fitness community, bringing together more than 300 athletes from numerous countries. The “Mexico Grand Prix” became a major milestone in the development of the WFF-WBBF Federation in Latin America and further strengthened the Federation's international reputation.
Following the successful organization of the competition, Manuel Solano was appointed President of the WFF-WBBF Federation of Mexico. During his leadership, the Mexican national team became an active participant in the international activities of the World WFF-WBBF Federation. Mexican athletes regularly competed in World Championships, international cup events, and numerous other WFF-WBBF competitions.
A special place in Mexico's international sporting activities belonged to the prestigious annual “Amber Prix” tournaments held in Klaipėda, Lithuania. Mexican delegations participated in these historic competitions on numerous occasions, where their athletes demonstrated outstanding athletic excellence, won top awards, and contributed significantly to the growing international prestige of the tournament.
The long-standing cooperation between Mexico and Lithuania became an excellent example of how the World WFF-WBBF Federation united athletes, coaches, and sports officials from different continents. These sporting relationships not only promoted the development of bodybuilding and fitness but also encouraged friendship, cultural exchange, and mutual respect among nations.
Mexican Delegations at the International “Amber Prix” Tournaments in Klaipėda
The international “Amber Prix” tournaments held in Klaipėda became more than just prestigious sporting events—they also served as a platform for international cooperation and cultural diplomacy. Among the regular participants were delegations from Mexico, whose athletes and officials visited Lithuania on numerous occasions.
During their visits, the Mexican delegations took part not only in the competitions but also in a series of official events. They were received at the Parliament of the Republic of Lithuania, where meetings were held to promote friendship and strengthen sporting and cultural ties between Lithuania and Mexico. The official program also included press conferences at ELTA, Lithuania's national news agency, where the tournaments, their participants, and the importance of international sports cooperation were presented to the public.
These visits demonstrate that the “Amber Prix” tournaments extended well beyond the realm of sport. They contributed to the international recognition of Klaipėda and Lithuania while fostering cooperation, cultural exchange, and lasting friendships among participating nations. The participation of Mexican delegations remains an important chapter in the history and international legacy of the Amber Prix tournaments.
Conclusions
The 2006 WFF-WBBF “Mexico Grand Prix” marked one of the most significant stages in the Federation's expansion throughout Latin America. The event strengthened the Mexican National WFF-WBBF Federation, which subsequently became an active participant in the Federation's international activities. Mexican athletes became regular competitors at World Championships as well as at the prestigious “Amber Prix” tournaments held in Klaipėda, Lithuania.
The achievements of Mexican athletes and the long-term cooperation between the Mexican and Lithuanian organizers made a valuable contribution to the international recognition of the “Amber Prix” tournament. Their participation further confirmed the World WFF-WBBF Federation's mission of bringing together the bodybuilding and fitness communities of different continents while promoting athletic excellence, friendship, and international cooperation.
More information is on international site www.wff.lt
Philosophical Reflections
The Road Traveled in Life. The Road Traveled in Sport. Who Are You After All of It?
A life devoted to sport is a long and demanding journey. Along the way there are discoveries and achievements, victories and disappointments. As the years pass, we increasingly find ourselves saying farewell to colleagues, like-minded friends, and our "iron brothers."
We have already bid farewell to the pioneers of bodybuilding in Europe and Lithuania, the founders and leading representatives of the famous Vilnius School of Bodybuilding—Ceslav Tamulevic, Vitalij Asovskij, Riaard Krinickij, and Valerij Koreskov. Their life's work and accomplishments will remain forever in the history of world bodybuilding. They left behind not only remarkable sporting achievements but also an example for future generations.
After the collapse of the socialist world, we entered the era of Western democracy. Sport changed as well. What did we find? Some managed to adapt while remaining true to their principles, but many others were simply swallowed by the new system.
Today, athletes wander among dozens of bodybuilding federations. The choice is enormous. There is "natural" bodybuilding, countless alternative organizations, and every one of them crowns its own world champions. Every year, hundreds—perhaps even thousands—of new world champions are created. Yet within a year, few people remember their names. There was a time when every true bodybuilding enthusiast knew the world champions by name.
With only a few exceptions, modern bodybuilding has lost what once gave it its prestige: clear sporting value and genuine authority. Everyone is free to choose whatever path they prefer. Many now express themselves through sports festivals, which have become increasingly common. They offer titles, trophies, applause, and recognition.
But it is worth asking yourself one question: when your competitive career is over, years from now, will you truly be proud of the titles you won at festivals?
In just a few days, Vilnius will host Lithuania's famous Song Celebration—a magnificent cultural festival. Its participants also receive awards and public recognition. Is a victory at a sports festival fundamentally different from a victory at a cultural festival? Let every athlete answer that question for themselves.
It is regrettable that so many bodybuilders today rarely stop to reflect, analyze, or think strategically. Too often they move forward with confidence, yet without asking whether they are heading in the right direction. Visionary coaches and leaders—people capable of looking beyond the next competition and thinking about the future of the sport—have become increasingly rare.
After the death of Inar Mardo, Estonian bodybuilding was led for many years by a man – restaurant cook - better known for his personal connections than for sporting achievements. Another federation leader became widely known as a trader in the country's markets. Were these the sporting authorities capable of leading a national sport? Where is Estonian bodybuilding today? As for Latvia, its situation hardly inspires greater optimism.
Athletes—observe. Think. Analyze. Draw your own conclusions.
Life passes quickly. Lost time can never be recovered. That is why it is not enough simply to win today. What truly matters is choosing a path that you will still be proud of many years from now. Only then will the years devoted to sport have their deepest meaning.
“Amber Prix” Stories
Albertas Remeika – Unfulfilled Dreams
During the 1970s, bodybuilding in the Soviet Union was considered an ideologically undesirable sport. It was effectively banned, forcing athletes to train in secret—in basements, bomb shelters, and other secluded locations. Despite official repression, these harsh conditions produced a number of exceptionally talented Lithuanian bodybuilders.
In 1975, Albertas Remeika joined the "Gintaras" (Amber) bodybuilding club in Klaipėda, which operated in a bomb shelter beneath the Klaipėda Commercial Seaport. From the very beginning, he stood out for his remarkable ambition, determination, and willingness to work hard. His goal was not only to transform his physique but also to become one of Lithuania's leading bodybuilders and to compete in contests that were considered unofficial—and often unacceptable—by the Soviet authorities.
Albertas was coached by Edmundas Daubaras, one of the best theoretically prepared bodybuilding specialists in the USSR at the time. His training methods were based not only on practical experience but also on foreign bodybuilding publications, contacts with Czechoslovak bodybuilders, and a detailed analysis of a demonstration training session conducted by Peter Stach, the 1975 IFBB European Overall Champion.
The training program was exceptionally demanding. Nutrition was equally rigorous: Albertas consumed approximately two kilograms of cottage cheese and 20–30 eggs every day. In just eighteen months, his body weight increased from 88 to 120 kilograms (194 to 265 pounds), while his biceps reached an impressive circumference of 52 centimeters (20.5 inches). Although he did not specialize in strength sports, his physical abilities were equally remarkable and earned the respect of bodybuilding experts.
While still competing as a junior, Albertas Remeika took part in the “Georg Tenno Memorial” in Tallinn in 1978, where he finished third in the tallest height category. It was an impressive international debut.
Later that same year, he placed second in his height category at the “Amber Prix” tournament in Klaipėda. In 1979, although still a junior, he competed against senior athletes at the “Komsomol Cup” Championships held in Kaunas. Judges and specialists were impressed by his extraordinary muscular development, body proportions, and overall physique. Many believed that Klaipėda had produced one of Lithuania's most promising young bodybuilders.
Unfortunately, his sporting ambitions were never fully realized. Continuous disagreements among the leaders of the unofficial Lithuanian SSR Bodybuilding Federation negatively affected the development of bodybuilding throughout the country. At the same time, Edmundas Daubaras left Klaipėda to pursue a second university degree at Vilnius University, while Albertas Remeika decided to retire permanently from competitive bodybuilding.
Thus ended, unexpectedly early, the career of one of the most gifted bodybuilders of his generation in Klaipėda.
Conclusion
The story of Albertas Remeika is more than the biography of a talented athlete with exceptional physical potential. It reflects the experience of an entire generation of bodybuilders who pursued excellence despite political restrictions, limited access to information, and constant organizational difficulties. Remeika possessed all the qualities necessary to become one of Lithuania's outstanding bodybuilders, yet his career was cut short not by a lack of talent or determination, but by the circumstances of his time. His story reminds us how many promising athletes of the Soviet era never reached their full potential because of forces beyond their control. Even so, Albertas Remeika remains an important figure in the history of Klaipėda bodybuilding and a lasting symbol of the “Amber Prix” era.
More information is on international page www.wff.lt
Stories of the “Amber Prix”
Michael Mitchell – Always at the Top
One of the most remarkable personalities associated with the legendary international “Amber Prix” tournament was the outstanding Scottish athlete, actor, film director, and former officer of the British Special Forces, Michael Mitchell (1956–2021). His life was distinguished not only by exceptional sporting achievements but also by an extraordinary range of professional experiences that earned him respect in many countries around the world.
Michael Mitchell became involved in the activities of the World WFF–WBBF Federation in 1996. From the very beginning, he became an active participant in the Federation's events and a loyal supporter of its ideals. For more than twenty-five years, he took part in European and World Championships, international congresses, official Federation meetings, and numerous representative events. Until the very last days of his life, he remained an active member of the WFF–WBBF Federation and one of its most respected international ambassadors.
As an athlete, Michael Mitchell achieved outstanding success. Throughout his long competitive career, he won numerous international championships and earned many prestigious titles. His victories brought recognition not only to his native Scotland but also to the World WFF–WBBF Federation. Owing to his exceptional physical condition, discipline, professionalism, and sportsmanship, he earned great respect among athletes from all over the world. Many representatives of the younger generation regarded him as an example of how sporting excellence could be combined with personal integrity, dignity, and respect for one's competitors.
However, Michael Mitchell's achievements extended far beyond the world of sport. He was also a professional actor and film director, appearing in numerous film productions and participating in international film festivals, where he received several awards for his artistic work. His broad experience enabled him to communicate easily with people from different professions and cultures, making him an outstanding representative of the WFF–WBBF Federation on the international stage.
Equally important was his military career. As a former officer of the British Special Forces, Michael retained throughout his life the qualities expected of a professional soldier—discipline, responsibility, determination, and the ability to make sound decisions under difficult circumstances. These characteristics were clearly reflected in both his sporting career and his public activities.
In 2005, Michael Mitchell purchased a home on the Mediterranean coast of Turkey. It became his second home, where he spent much of his leisure time. It was there that the idea emerged to organize one of the Federation's most important international events in Turkey.
While preparations were underway for the 2007 international WFF–WBBF Championship at the prestigious LykiaWorld Resort, Michael Mitchell invited WFF–WBBF President Edmundas Daubaras to Turkey in 2006. An official press conference was organized, attended by Turkish journalists, sports officials, and representatives of the Ministry of Sports. During the event, the activities of the World WFF–WBBF Federation, its World Championships, and the forthcoming championship in Turkey were presented. This meeting became an important step in expanding the Federation's activities throughout the Mediterranean region and the Middle East.
Another significant event was the 2007 World Championship held in Vilnius, Lithuania. Following the championship, Michael Mitchell, as a member of the official WFF–WBBF delegation, participated in an official reception at the Parliament of the Republic of Lithuania and in a press conference at the ELTA National News Agency. The meetings focused on recently completed championships, the Federation's future plans, and prospects for international cooperation. The history of the legendary “Amber Prix” tournament was also presented, together with the project for organizing its forthcoming 40th anniversary event. These official meetings demonstrated that the Federation's activities were recognized not only within the international sports community but also at the governmental level.
Throughout his life, Michael Mitchell received numerous sporting, public, and artistic awards. Among the distinctions he valued most was the WFF–WBBF Federation “Honor Gold Medal”, solemnly awarded to him in 2010. This prestigious award is presented only to individuals whose contributions have had lasting significance in the history of world bodybuilding and whose work has strengthened the Federation's international reputation.
Michael Mitchell's life was filled with challenges, achievements, and meaningful accomplishments. Sport, military service, cinema, and public activity merged into an extraordinary life dedicated to excellence. Whatever field he entered, he always pursued the highest standards. For this reason, the title of this article—"Always at the Top"—perfectly reflects both his character and his life's achievements.
Conclusions
Michael Mitchell was one of the most distinguished personalities in the history of the World WFF–WBBF Federation. His contribution extended far beyond competitive bodybuilding. He became an international ambassador of the Federation, an active promoter of its ideals, and an important figure in the history of the legendary “Amber Prix” tournament.
His reputation in sport, cinema, and public life helped promote the name of the WFF–WBBF Federation in many countries around the world. Through his personal initiatives, support for international events, and active participation in official Federation activities, he made a significant contribution to the Federation's international recognition and development.
Years after his passing, Michael Mitchell continues to be remembered with great respect. He remains not only a World Champion and accomplished actor but also a man whose loyalty to sport, his friends, and the WFF–WBBF Federation never wavered. For this reason, his name has earned a permanent place in the history of the legendary “Amber Prix” tournament, while his life's example continues to inspire new generations of athletes around the world.
More information is on international site www.wff.lt
NABBA in Lithuania: Does Everyone Really Know the History?
It is regrettable that many bodybuilding athletes and enthusiasts take little interest in the history of their sport. As a result, attractive claims are often accepted without verifying the facts, leading to a distorted understanding of history and, ultimately, misguided decisions.
Let us briefly recall several indisputable historical facts.
In May 1991, the National Bodybuilding Association of Lithuania—the first bodybuilding organization established in the Republic of Lithuania at the initiative of the Ministry of Sport—received from NABBA International an official written recognition of Lithuania's restored independence as well as recognition of the Lithuanian National Olympic Committee. At that time, this was an exceptional event, as no other international sports federation had yet issued such recognition to Lithuania.
Soon afterwards, Natalija Murnikovienė and Rolandas Bučinskas won NABBA European Championship titles. These became the first European championship victories for Lithuanian athletes within NABBA following the restoration of Lithuania's independence.
In 1996, 1997, and 1998, three NABBA European Championships were organized in Klaipėda, Vilnius, and Palanga under the leadership of Edmundas Daubaras. In 1997, the NABBA International Congress elected Edmundas Daubaras as Vice President of NABBA International. Official documents confirming this appointment are preserved.
Beginning in 1995, the World WFF-WBBF Federation worked closely with NABBA. Over time, however, it became evident that the international activities, organizational initiatives, and development of WFF-WBBF had significantly surpassed those of NABBA. The turning point came after the highly successful WFF-WBBF World Championship held in Vilnius in 2005. Following this event, the decision was made to end the cooperation with NABBA and continue developing WFF-WBBF as an independent international federation.
It was only after this separation that the so-called "new" NABBA organization appeared in Lithuania, and it continues to operate today. It now presents its own version of history and celebrates a 25-year anniversary, despite having joined NABBA International only in 2006. This naturally raises the question of how such a period of activity is being calculated.
History is not based on declarations or promotional slogans. It is based on documents, dates, and verifiable facts. Therefore, anyone interested in the history of Lithuanian bodybuilding can compare the chronology of events and draw their own conclusions.
Another legitimate question should also be asked: what significant international projects, championships, or initiatives has this "new" NABBA organization contributed to Lithuanian bodybuilding over the past two decades? The answer can be found by anyone willing to examine the publicly available historical record.
More information is on international site www.wff.lt
Professor Vasilij Bespalenko – The Founder of Modern Bodybuilding in Ukraine
A Personality Who United Science, Sport and Public Service
Professor Vasilij Bespalenko is one of the most distinguished figures in the history of Ukrainian bodybuilding. His life's work encompasses competitive sport, scientific research, higher education, public service, and cultural activities. Throughout a professional career spanning more than four decades, he has successfully combined the roles of athlete, coach, university professor, researcher, and sports administrator, becoming an authority for several generations of athletes and coaches.
In 1983, Vasilij Bespalenko graduated in Art and Design from Ivan Franko National University of Lviv. He later continued his education in Physical Culture at Lviv State University and subsequently earned a Master's degree in Practical Psychology. Combining knowledge from sport science and psychology, he developed effective educational and training methodologies that have been widely applied in coaching and higher education.
For many years Professor Bespalenko taught at various Ukrainian universities, educating future specialists in physical education and sports science. As Head of the Department of Physical Culture at Lviv Stavropigion University, he devoted significant attention to developing modern educational curricula and improving professional standards in sports education. Today he continues to contribute to higher education by developing academic programs at the International Sports University.
Beyond academia, Professor Bespalenko is widely recognized as a charismatic public figure. His reputation has made him a frequent guest on Ukrainian television and radio programs, a sought-after interviewee for newspapers and magazines, and a participant in artistic photography projects as well as Ukrainian and Polish film productions.
Athlete and Coach – A Pioneer of Ukrainian Bodybuilding
The sporting career of Vasilij Bespalenko is inseparable from the history of bodybuilding in Ukraine. He is widely regarded as one of the founders of modern competitive bodybuilding in the country.
His contribution became particularly significant during the years when bodybuilding was officially prohibited or severely restricted throughout most socialist countries (1973–1987). Despite these political and ideological obstacles, Bespalenko became the first representative of the Ukrainian SSR to participate regularly in bodybuilding competitions held in the Baltic States. His activities helped establish international sporting contacts and contributed to preserving and promoting bodybuilding during one of the most difficult periods in its history.
Throughout his competitive career, Professor Bespalenko won numerous World and European championship titles. Among all his achievements, he considers his victories at the prestigious "Amber Prix" ("Gintarinis Prizas") tournament to be especially significant. Winning the Overall Champion title at the 2022 Amber Prix represented another milestone in his remarkable sporting career and demonstrated his exceptional longevity and competitive excellence.
His contribution extends far beyond his own athletic achievements. As a coach, Professor Bespalenko has trained numerous elite athletes who successfully represented Ukraine at international competitions. His coaching philosophy combines physical excellence with psychological preparation, discipline, ethical values, and personal responsibility.
Leadership and Public Activities
An equally important part of Professor Bespalenko's life has been dedicated to sports administration and public service.
He became the first President of the Ukrainian SSR IFBB Federation and played a decisive role in establishing organized bodybuilding in Ukraine. Today he serves as President of the Ukrainian WFF–WBBF Federation, promoting international cooperation and healthy lifestyles through sport.
During his leadership he organized numerous national and international bodybuilding events throughout Ukraine. Among the most significant was the WFF–WBBF World Grand Prix, held in 2013, which attracted competitors from many countries around the world.
Representing Ukraine as the head of official sports delegations, Professor Bespalenko has visited Lithuania on numerous occasions to participate in international sporting events. During these visits he was officially received several times at the Parliament of the Republic of Lithuania, contributing to the development of sporting and cultural cooperation between Lithuania and Ukraine.
Professor Bespalenko also actively participates in the work of various Ukrainian public organizations. In recognition of his contribution to society and national traditions, the Historical Ukrainian Cossack League awarded him the honorary rank of Lieutenant General.
International Recognition
Professor Bespalenko's lifelong contribution has been acknowledged through numerous national and international distinctions.
In 2017 he received the Medal of the Historic Order of Christ, presented by an organization associated with United Nations public initiatives.
In 2020 his achievements in education, sport, and public service were further recognized when he received a UNESCO Certificate of Honor.
Later that same year, the World WFF–WBBF Federation presented Professor Bespalenko with its International “Gold Medal of Honor”, one of the organization's highest distinctions.
Legacy
The life and work of Professor Vasilij Bespalenko demonstrate how determination, professional excellence, and public dedication can shape the development of an entire sport. He belongs to the generation of pioneers who preserved and developed bodybuilding under extremely difficult political conditions and later contributed to its international recognition.
His legacy extends far beyond championship titles. As a university professor, he educated future specialists; as a coach, he developed champions; as a sports administrator, he helped establish the organizational foundations of bodybuilding in Ukraine; and as a public figure, he strengthened international cooperation through sport.
Today Professor Vasilij Bespalenko is deservedly recognized as one of the most influential personalities in the history of Ukrainian bodybuilding. His achievements, his students, and his organizational work remain an enduring part of both Ukrainian and international bodybuilding history.
More information is on international site www.wff.lt
The Historic "Amber Prix" Tournament
A Book Dedicated to the 60th Anniversary of the "Amber Prix"
In 2027, Klaipėda will celebrate the 60th anniversary of the “Amber Prix”, one of the world's oldest continuously held international bodybuilding and fitness tournaments. Preparations for this important milestone began as early as 2025. Initially, the idea was to commission exclusive commemorative medals for sports veterans and the individuals whose dedication helped shape the tournament's history. However, following suggestions from members of the sports community, historians, and various institutions, a far more meaningful initiative emerged—the publication of a historical book.
This decision soon proved to be well justified. Over the past six decades, the “Amber Prix” has become much more than a sporting event. Its history reflects not only athletic achievements but also political developments, economic changes, and cultural exchanges. Few traditional sporting competitions anywhere in the world can claim such a rich and multifaceted legacy.
Work on the project quickly gathered momentum. The manuscripts have already been completed in Lithuanian, English, and Russian. The current stage involves verifying historical facts, selecting archival photographs, and completing the final editorial revisions.
As the writing progressed, it became clear that simply recounting the history of the “Amber Prix” would not be enough. The tournament's true significance cannot be understood without placing it within the broader historical development of bodybuilding itself. For this reason, the book also provides a concise overview of the international evolution of bodybuilding and fitness, tracing their origins and highlighting the most important stages in their development.
To date, no comprehensive history of bodybuilding has been published anywhere in the world. Many legendary athletes—including Arnold Schwarzenegger, Serge Nubret, Vladimir Dubinin, and others—have written autobiographical books that focus primarily on their own careers, touching only briefly on the broader history of the sport. Likewise, the historical publication on Lithuanian bodybuilding offers only a limited perspective, concentrating mainly on the activities of one international federation and the history of a single Lithuanian city.
This book therefore seeks to fill at least part of that historical gap. Although its primary focus is the “Amber Prix” tournament, it also preserves significant events, personalities, and milestones from the history of bodybuilding in Lithuania and around the world. It is not intended to be the definitive history of the sport; rather, we hope it will provide a solid foundation for future researchers and authors who will continue exploring this remarkable story in greater depth.
Conclusions
History survives only as long as it is remembered and passed on to future generations. If the most important facts are not documented today, they may be lost forever tomorrow. The history of the “Amber Prix” is far more than the chronicle of a single tournament. It is a testament to the development of Lithuanian bodybuilding, international sporting cooperation, and the dedication of several generations of athletes, organizers, and enthusiasts.
This book is our tribute to all those who created the “Amber Prix” and helped make Lithuania known throughout the international bodybuilding community. We hope it will not only preserve the past but also inspire future generations to continue this legacy, appreciate the history of their sport, and take pride in its achievements.
More information is on international site www.wff.lt
2008 INTERNATIONAL TOURNAMENT "AMBER PRIX".
Is there anyone in the world today who can compare to him?
Klaipėda, Lithuania, 2008
In 2008, alongside the international “Amber Prix” tournament held in Klaipėda, the organizers of the global WFF–WBBF federation were actively working on staging the traditional “Universe” competition in Vilnius, as well as the WBBF World Professional Championship. At the same time, the WFF World Professional Championship, featuring substantial prize money, was again organized in Prague at the Žofín Palace by Czech businessman Martin Kuta.
Following a meeting between the leaders of the WFF-WBBF Federation and the Minister of Sport of the Republic of Poland, Zbigniew Pacelt, Bydgoszcz businessman Jerzy Gotowski took the initiative to organize the WFF-WBBF World Amateur Championship in his city.
This important decision became a significant step in strengthening the Federation’s international recognition and promoting the development of bodybuilding and fitness sports throughout Europe. The organization of the event brought together the efforts of the city authorities, the business community, and sports organizations, while the championship itself became one of the most important WFF-WBBF sporting events of the year.
The World Amateur Championship held in Bydgoszcz gathered athletes from numerous countries and further reinforced the Federation’s position in the international sports arena.
“Amber Prix”
The anniversary edition of the Amber Prize Tournament in Klaipėda received exceptional recognition from the Lithuanian state. It was supported by the Government of the Republic of Lithuania, while the Seimas of the Republic of Lithuania adopted a decision to include funding for the Amber Prize Tournament as a separate line item in the national budget.
The tournament was held in the spacious sports hall of LCC International University. Spectator interest was so great that, after all seats had been filled, several hundred people watched the competitions standing. This once again demonstrated the tournament’s outstanding popularity and its significance in Lithuania’s sporting life.
The 2008 "Amber Prix" competition took place in the sports hall of LCC International University.
On the occasion of the event, former President of the Austrian Parliament Professor Alfred Gerstl presented the people of Klaipeda with a unique collection of original photographs of his protégé, then Governor of California Arnold Schwarzenegger, as well as a documentary film depicting Schwarzenegger’s life journey and athletic career.
The photographs were displayed in an exhibition held on the premises of LCC International University, while the documentary film was screened for the large audience gathered to watch the competition.
The official opening ceremony was attended by members of the Parliament of the Republic of Lithuania, representatives of national and municipal institutions, and other distinguished guests. The event was filmed by a production crew from the Lithuanian National Radio and Television (LRT), which had arrived from Vilnius.
During the 2008 “Amber Prix” tournament, both living and deceased veterans were honored. After the competition, heads of foreign delegations visited the Parliament of the Republic of Lithuania and the Ministry of Sport of the Republic of Lithuania, and also attended a press conference held at the ELTA news agency.
On the occasion of the event, a historical trilingual magazine (10,000 copies) and 3,000 copies of the competition DVD were published. These materials were distributed free of charge at various international events around the world.
A total of 293 athletes from 21 countries participated in the event: Argentina, Austria, Belarus, Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Estonia, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Israel, Latvia, Lithuania, Mexico, Montenegro, Poland, Russia, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Finland, and Ukraine.
OVERALL CHAMPIONS
Women's Overall Champion: Jamila Vanessa Toledo (Argentina)
Men's Overall Champion: Darius Buksnaitis (Lithuania)
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OFFICIAL AND UNOFFICIAL CZECHOSLOVAKIA: MEETINGS AT THE MINISTRY OF SPORTS AND THE SIGNIFICANCE OF INTERNATIONAL CONTACTS IN BODYBUILDING DURING THE SOCIALIST PERIOD
Introduction
During the 1960s and 1970s, the development of bodybuilding in socialist countries depended not only on the achievements of athletes but also on the organizational activities of federation leaders, coaches, and sports administrators. Their initiatives created the conditions necessary for maintaining international contacts and ensuring the continuity of the sport under politically restrictive circumstances.
In 1973, bodybuilding encountered various administrative and political restrictions in many socialist countries. As a result, the activities of bodybuilding organizations were limited, and international cooperation became increasingly difficult. In this context, Czechoslovakia occupied a unique position, as its bodybuilding organizations managed to maintain relatively active operations and contacts with international sports structures.
This article examines the visits of Lithuanian representative Edmundas Daubaras to Czechoslovakia in 1975 and 1977, the meetings held with officials of the Czechoslovak Bodybuilding Federation and sports administration, and the significance of these contacts for the further development of bodybuilding throughout the socialist bloc.
The Situation of Bodybuilding in Socialist Countries after 1973
Following the restrictions imposed on bodybuilding in 1973, organized activities in many socialist countries were significantly curtailed. Due to differing political and administrative circumstances, each country developed its own model for maintaining and promoting the sport. International cooperation became fragmented, and contacts between national organizations were maintained primarily through personal relationships.
During this period, the most active bodybuilding centers within the Soviet Union remained in the Baltic republics. In Estonia, an important role was played by Inar Mardo (1945–2002), while in Lithuania the founders and coaches of the Vilnius School of Bodybuilding, Česlavas Tamulevičius and Vitalijus Asovskis, were among the leading figures. The most significant regional events included competitions organized in Tallinn and the international “Amber Prix” tournament, held in Lithuania from 1968 onward.
The 1975 Visit to Czechoslovakia
In 1975, Edmundas Daubaras, then a student at Vilnius State University, spent two months in Prague under a student exchange program. During this visit he established contacts with Vojtech Fiala, President of the Czechoslovak Bodybuilding Federation and one of the key organizers of bodybuilding in the country.
That same year, Czechoslovak athletes participated in the IFBB European Championships. The most notable achievement was recorded by Petr Stach, who won not only his height category but also the overall title, becoming the Absolute European Champion. This victory significantly strengthened Czechoslovakia’s position within international bodybuilding.
During his stay, Daubaras visited Petr Stach at his training facility near Prague, where he was introduced to the athlete’s training system and methods of preparation for international competitions.
At the initiative of Vojtech Fiala, a meeting was also arranged at the Czechoslovak Sports Organization (ČSTV – Československý svaz tělesné výchovy). The participants discussed the situation of bodybuilding in the Soviet Union, Czechoslovakia, and other European countries, as well as prospects for future cooperation.
In order to obtain reliable information regarding the situation in the Soviet Union, the Czechoslovak Bodybuilding Federation maintained contact with one of the pioneers of Soviet bodybuilding, Gennady Baldin. According to information provided by Baldin, organized bodybuilding activities in the USSR had declined substantially following the restrictions introduced in 1973, with the most active centers remaining in the Baltic republics.
The 1977 Visit and Meetings
In 1977, Edmundas Daubaras visited Prague for a second time under the student exchange program. During this stay, the contacts established in 1975 with the leadership of the Czechoslovak Bodybuilding Federation and sports administration were further developed.
By that time, the federation had become fully integrated into the structure of ČSTV and operated from permanent offices. The position of federation secretary was held by the well-known bodybuilder Peter Tlapak, who played an active role in the administration and promotion of bodybuilding within the country.
During the visit, Daubaras also toured the Czechoslovak Olympic Training Center, where members of the national bodybuilding team were preparing for international competitions. Discussions focused on athlete preparation methods, training organization, and competitive strategies.
An important part of the visit was a trip to the city of Brno, where meetings of the Council of the Czechoslovak Bodybuilding Federation were held under the leadership of Professor František Bulva. Daubaras was invited to attend these meetings as a guest and delivered a presentation on the state of bodybuilding in the Soviet Union. His report provided Czechoslovak sports officials with first-hand information about the conditions under which bodybuilding functioned in the USSR after the restrictions of 1973.
Conclusions
The visits of Edmundas Daubaras to Czechoslovakia in 1975 and 1977 played an important role in maintaining international contacts between bodybuilding organizations in the Baltic republics and Czechoslovakia. These interactions facilitated the exchange of information concerning the development of the sport, organizational models, and opportunities for international cooperation.
During the 1970s, the Czechoslovak Bodybuilding Federation enjoyed broader opportunities for international engagement than most other bodybuilding organizations within the socialist bloc. Consequently, Czechoslovakia emerged as one of the principal centers of bodybuilding in the socialist world and played a significant role in preserving and advancing the sport during a period marked by political restrictions and organizational challenges.
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NABBA in Lithuania: A History That Has Yet to Be Repeated
Today, NABBA, the world's oldest bodybuilding organization, unites approximately twenty active national associations across the globe. Lithuania occupies a far more significant place in NABBA's history than is often remembered. Over the past four decades, the relationship between Lithuania and NABBA has extended far beyond sporting competitions—it has been closely connected with the international recognition of the restored Lithuanian state and the establishment of independent sports organizations after the country's restoration of independence.
Even if the current President of NABBA International were unexpectedly replaced today by a representative from Lithuania, such an event would hardly equal the historical significance of what took place between 1991 and 2005. During those years, Lithuania became one of the most prominent and influential NABBA member nations in Europe.
The People Who Created Lithuania's NABBA Legacy
When discussing the most important chapters of Lithuania's NABBA history, three names stand out above all others: Dr. Edmundas Daubaras, Natalija Murnikovienė, and Rolandas Bučinskas.
Dr. Edmundas Daubaras was the principal architect of Lithuania's independent bodybuilding organization and the driving force behind its international relations. Natalija Murnikovienė and Rolandas Bučinskas became the first Lithuanian athletes to win NABBA European Championship titles, permanently establishing Lithuania's place in the organization's history.
Naturally, many athletes, coaches, officials, and organizers contributed to the development of Lithuanian bodybuilding. However, these three individuals were directly associated with events whose significance extended beyond sport into the political and international spheres.
The Road to International Recognition
Between 1989 and 1990, Lithuanian bodybuilding leaders sought independent international recognition for the newly restored Republic of Lithuania within the global bodybuilding community.
After several years of unsuccessful efforts to secure Lithuania's independent membership in the IFBB, Dr. Edmundas Daubaras met with the federation's president Ben Weider in New York in 1990. During that meeting, he was informed that the IFBB would support Moscow's position and would not recognize Lithuania as an independent member federation.
Faced with this refusal, Dr. Daubaras turned to another international organization. He established contact with NABBA President Oscar Heidenstam, who not only invited Lithuanian athletes to compete in the European Championships in Épinal, France, but also expressed support for Lithuania's aspiration to become an independent member of NABBA.
The process also received significant support from the Lithuanian government. The first Minister of Sport of the restored Republic of Lithuania, Algirdas Raslanas, together with later ministers Vitas Nėnius and Kęstutis Skrebys, Vice-Minister Rimas Girskis, and Respublika newspaper editor Vytas Tomkus, all contributed to creating the conditions that enabled Lithuanian bodybuilding to establish itself internationally.
The First Independent Bodybuilding Organization
In May 1991, with the support of Minister Algirdas Raslanas, the Lithuanian National Bodybuilding Association (LNBA), commonly known as "Lithuanian NABBA," was officially registered with the Ministry of Justice.
It became the first officially registered bodybuilding organization in independent Lithuania.
At the same time, the former Lithuanian SSR Bodybuilding Federation continued to operate, maintaining its traditional ties with Soviet sporting structures. Consequently, the establishment of the Lithuanian National Bodybuilding Association represented not merely the creation of another sports federation, but an important step in building the sporting institutions of the restored Lithuanian state.
NABBA Recognized the Republic of Lithuania
One of the most significant historical facts is that the Lithuanian National Bodybuilding Association became a member of NABBA before the August 1991 coup attempt in Moscow.
At that time, many international sports federations hesitated to recognize Lithuania's independence or admit it as a separate member. NABBA was among the very first international sporting organizations to officially recognize the Republic of Lithuania and to issue formal documentation confirming that recognition to the National Olympic Committee of Lithuania.
This decision carried not only sporting significance but also political importance, demonstrating international support for Lithuania's restored independence.
The First European Champions
International recognition was soon followed by sporting success.
Natalija Murnikovienė and Rolandas Bučinskas became NABBA European Champions, earning some of the first major international bodybuilding titles won by athletes representing the restored Republic of Lithuania.
Their victories demonstrated that Lithuanian athletes were capable of competing successfully against Europe's strongest competitors despite the extraordinary political and economic challenges facing their newly independent country.
Lithuania Becomes a European NABBA Centre
In 1996, 1997, and 1998, Lithuania hosted three consecutive NABBA European Championships—in Klaipėda, Vilnius, and Palanga.
This represented an exceptional achievement not only in Lithuanian bodybuilding but also in NABBA history. Very few countries have been entrusted with organizing three European Championships within such a short period.
Even more importantly, the 1997 and 1998 Championships were broadcast internationally by “Eurosport”, introducing Lithuania to millions of television viewers throughout Europe and demonstrating the country's organizational capabilities on the international stage.
Has Anything Comparable Happened Since?
Over more than three decades of independence, Lithuanian bodybuilding has achieved numerous outstanding sporting successes in various international federations. Lithuanian athletes have become European and World Champions, earned professional status, and represented their country with distinction in prestigious international competitions.
However, when one considers the entire historical picture—the establishment of the first independent bodybuilding organization, international recognition of Lithuania, official membership in NABBA, the country's first European Championship titles, and the organization of three NABBA European Championships—few, if any, periods in Lithuanian bodybuilding history can compare with the achievements of 1991–1998.
During those years, bodybuilding became more than simply a sport. It also served as a means of demonstrating to the international community that the restored Republic of Lithuania existed as an independent nation, capable of participating in and contributing to the world's sporting institutions.
Conclusions
More than three decades later, it can be objectively concluded that Lithuania's NABBA history forms an integral part of the sporting history of the restored Republic of Lithuania.
The achievements of 1991–1998 were significant not merely because of medals won. They reflected Lithuania's determination to become an independent member of the international sporting community, strengthened the country's international reputation, and demonstrated that even a relatively small nation could become an important partner within a major international sports organization.
History is ultimately measured not by titles or positions held today, but by actions that changed the course of events. In the history of NABBA, it was the achievements of this remarkable period that established Lithuania's name within the international bodybuilding community and secured its place as one of the most important chapters in the history of Lithuanian bodybuilding.
More information is on international site www.wff.lt
WORLD BODYBUILDING ENCYCLOPEDIA
A UNIQUE EVENT IN THE HISTORY OF WORLD SPORT – OFFICIAL VISIT TO THE VATICAN
While preparing the World Bodybuilding Encyclopedia, it is essential to highlight an exceptional event in the history of world sport – the Official Visit of the President of the W.F.F.–W.B.B.F. International Federation, Dr. Edmundas Daubaras, to the Vatican.
The Beginning of the Visit to the Vatican
While developing international sports relations, in early April 2011 the President of the W.F.F.–W.B.B.F. International Federation, Dr. Edmundas Daubaras, visited Poland, Germany, France, Monaco, Italy, and Slovakia. During his stay in Monaco, he received a telephone call from Italy informing him that an official visit to the Vatican had been arranged. Shortly thereafter, he departed for Italy.
Before the official visit, a meeting was organized with a representative of the Vatican in Italy, during which the forthcoming program and scheduled meetings were discussed.
The Vatican Recognized the Struggle for Bodybuilding Recognition
The Vatican is not only the center of the Roman Catholic Church but also the sovereign State of Vatican City. In 2011, an official meeting was organized in the Vatican to present the worldwide activities of the W.F.F.–W.B.B.F. International Federation.
During the meeting, His Eminence Cardinal Jozef Tomko listened with great interest to the history of bodybuilding development and the struggle for recognition of the sport during the period when bodybuilding was prohibited in many countries of the Socialist Bloc. Appreciating these long-standing efforts and activities, Cardinal Jozef Tomko referred to the leaders of the W.F.F.–W.B.B.F. as “dissidents of the Communist regime.”
Particularly impressive was the Vatican State’s positive evaluation of the federation’s efforts to promote physical activity, health, fitness, and bodybuilding throughout the world.
In recognition of their contribution to the development of the international sports movement, His Eminence Cardinal Jozef Tomko presented the original Vatican Pontifical Medals, Medaglia Ufficiale di Pontificato di Sua Santità Benedetto XVI, to:
• Dr. Edmundas Daubaras – President of the W.F.F.–W.B.B.F. International Federation;
• Stefan Hrčka (Slovakia) – Honorary Official of the W.F.F.–W.B.B.F. International Federation.
The awards were presented on March 29, 2011, at the Headquarters of the Vatican City State.
Acquaintance with the Historical Treasures of the Vatican
During the official visit, Father Paolo, a representative of the Vatican Administration, introduced the W.F.F.–W.B.B.F. delegation to the Vatican administrative headquarters, the historic archives, and the repositories housing personal belongings of various Pontiffs that possess exceptional historical value.
On the following morning, at St. Peter’s Basilica, Dr. Edmundas Daubaras was invited to participate in a unique personal Holy Mass. This event became a significant historical milestone in the development of the international bodybuilding movement and an important symbol of international recognition for the activities of the W.F.F.–W.B.B.F. Federation.
Historical Significance
The official visit of Dr. Edmundas Daubaras, President of the W.F.F.–W.B.B.F. International Federation, to the Vatican in 2011 became an outstanding event not only in the history of the federation but also in the broader history of international bodybuilding. During this visit, representatives of the Vatican State officially became acquainted with the activities, history, and efforts of the W.F.F.–W.B.B.F. to promote physical activity, fitness, and bodybuilding throughout the world.
Particularly significant was the high appreciation expressed by Vatican officials for the federation’s work and for the contribution of its leaders in defending the right of bodybuilding to exist and develop during periods of political restriction in Eastern and Central Europe. Cardinal Jozef Tomko’s characterization of the federation’s activists as “dissidents of the Communist regime” represented a notable moral recognition of their efforts.
The presentation of Vatican Pontifical Medals to Dr. Edmundas Daubaras and Stefan Hrčka testified to the international recognition of the W.F.F.–W.B.B.F. Federation and its contribution to the promotion of healthy living and physical culture worldwide.
This visit remains one of the most important events in the history of the W.F.F.–W.B.B.F. Federation and is regarded as a significant example of international recognition of the global bodybuilding movement in the early twenty-first century.
Among the documented events in the history of modern bodybuilding, this visit stands as one of the rare occasions on which the head of an international bodybuilding organization was officially received at the Vatican and honored with Vatican Pontifical Medals. As such, it occupies a distinctive place in the historical development of international bodybuilding and fitness organizations.
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